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Forklift capacities delineate by class and application, with Class I electrics capping at 6,000 pounds for narrow-aisle precision, their lithium setups sustaining 90% output at full tilt. Class II side loaders accommodate 3,000-5,000 pounds of long goods like lumber, with rotating masts preserving aisle efficiency. Class III manual stackers limit to 4,000 pounds horizontally, ideal for dock leveling without power draw. Class IV-VI IC cushion pneumatics scale to 36,000 pounds for yard shuffling, diesel variants delivering 500 ft-lbs torque on 25% grades. Class VII rough-terrains peak at 17,500 pounds, with telescoping booms extending 20 feet for uneven lifts. Specialty telehandlers surge to 12,000 pounds at 42-foot reach, quad masts stabilizing via outriggers. Container mast handlers dominate at 55,000-140,000 pounds for intermodal, hydraulic side shifts aligning within 1 inch. Capacity derating factors—10% per 10-foot height, 20% on soft surfaces—necessitate plate verifications, with overload sensors auto-throttling at 105%. Modular forks adjust from 36-96 inches, while weigh scales integrate for dynamic logging. Engineering tolerances ensure 2:1 safety margins, with FEM classifications guiding Euro compliance. Tailored selections match throughput, averting overloads that spike insurance 30%, optimizing payload integrity across spectra.